DOI: 10.32900/2312-8402-2025-133-34-45
Ключові слова: альтернативне використання, вовна овець, будівельні матеріали, енерго- та екоефективність
Дана стаття містить результати виконаного авторами огляду наявної у відкритому доступі літератури, що присвячена проблемі альтернативного (крім традиційного текстильного) використання овечої вовни в різних сферах виробництва. В ній відображено зниження загального виробництва вовни та закупівельних цін на неї, а також окреслено актуальність для розвитку галузі вівчарства пошуку альтернативних шляхів її використання. Показано, що завдяки своїм специфічним фізико-технічним властивостям, вовна все більше використовується в якості екологічно чистого матеріалу для виготовлення композиційних нових будівельних матеріалів – тепло- та шумоізолюючих матеріалів, штукатурки, цегли, бетону. Також знаходить застосування в якості мульчі та замінників агроволокна в агротехнологіях вирощування зернових, овочевих культур, ягід і цукрових буряків та в садівництві, лісовому і садово-ландшафтному господарстві. При цьому, у нових матеріалах та технологічних процесах, виконаних з використанням вовни, значно покращуються тепло- і звукоізоляціні та механічні властивості (будівельні матеріали), збільшується врожайність (сільськогосподарські культури) та покращується температурно-вологічний режим грунту, його насиченість азотом, вуглецем та деякими мінеральними речовинами. Вовна ж, як натуральний продукт, що підпадає дії процесів біодергадації, сприяє екологізації виробництва та зниженню його енергоємності.
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