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Abstract

The peculiarity of the current state of development the poultry industry during the last decade is the dynamic growth of the number poultry all kinds, increasing production volumes, increasing domestic demand and exporting products. In addition, the use of modern equipment and poultry keeping technologies is becoming increasingly important. After conducting a patent search and literary analysis, it can be concluded that it is necessary to develop technological methods aimed at reducing ammonia emissions and microbial air pollution in the poultry house and determining the impact of their application on the poultry productive indicators.
Proceeding from this, the purpose of scientific experiments was to study the parameters of the microclimate of poultry houses and the chemical bed of hens’ litter for the use of cell batteries with various air systems removal.
In studies of the chemical composition of litter, depending on the terms of accumulation, a tendency towards a decrease in the total nitrogen content in the litter with an increase in the terms of its accumulation on the belt conveyors has been noted. Thus, during the 7-day period of accumulation of litter in cell batteries with built-in air ducts, the content of total nitrogen in it decreased by 7.5%, with a modernized drying system of litter – by 5.7%, in cell batteries without ducts – by 8.9%. The content of phosphorus and potassium has changed to a small extent, and these changes were associated mainly with a decrease in the relative proportion of nitrogen.
It was established that within 7 days of accumulation of litter on the belt conveyors of cell batteries, the content of ammonia in the air increases by 1.8–2.8 times, reaching the level of 17.14–17.34 mg/m³ at the end of this period (in MPC 15 mg/m³), the microbial contamination of the air in the poultry house increases in 1,4–1,9 times (from 309–315 thousand bodies/m³ to 535–579 thousand bodies/m³), exceeding the whole period of accumulation of MPC (220 thousand mt/m³) in 1,2–2,6 times.
It was established that when using cell batteries with built-in air ducts, the bird’s safety and productivity were somewhat higher than when using cell batteries without air ducts (p≤0.001). Even higher were the use of cell batteries with a modernized air mixer: higher maintenance by 0,3%, egg productivity by 1,6 pounds, than with the use of cell batteries with standard air vents.

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