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The article examines the current state and dynamics of the development of the livestock industry in Ukraine and considers the impact of systemic and force majeure factors on its development in the pre-war period and in the first two years of the Russian military invasion of Ukraine. It was determined that in Ukraine the rate of reduction of cattle (from 2.6 to 2.1 million heads) and cows (from 1.5 to 1.2 million heads) in the first two years of the war exceeded that in the pre-war years, and the production volumes of milk (from 8.7 to 7.4 million tons) and beef (from 310 to 258 thousand tons) significantly decreased. A steady increase in cow productivity was noted, both in the pre-war years from 4.6 to 5.1 t/head per year and in the two years of the war from 5.1 to 5.4 t/head.

The state of the livestock industry in terms of economic entities was considered and it was determined that the share of agricultural enterprises in the structure of milk and meat production is naturally increasing and reached 75.0% and 37.8%, respectively, in 2023.

Research has established that there is a significant differentiation in livestock enterprises by the available livestock. Thus, agricultural enterprises with up to 100 heads of livestock occupy 42.5% of the total number of enterprises, medium-sized (from 100 to 1000 heads) – 42.2%, large (more than 1000 heads) – 17.8%. It was determined that a smaller number of enterprises with more than 1000 cows have a larger livestock (63.9%) and produce a larger share of milk compared to small ones (up to 100 cattle).

An analysis of the economic activities of the Agro-Novoselivka 2009 private enterprise in Novovodolazha district, Kharkiv region was conducted, which revealed that the enterprise has a meat and grain specialization. Analysis of the income structure by industry revealed the advantages of the livestock industry over crop production, especially in critical war conditions. It was determined that livestock production is less dependent on exports of products, and crop production is more export-dependent.

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