---

Abstract

Labeling of populations of farm animals by individual genes and gene complexes, as well as determining on their basis the genotypic structure and the level of diversity, both structural units and populations as a whole, creates prerequisites for the development of breeding and genetic approaches aimed at preventing the narrowing of the gene pool.
The immunogenetic evaluation of experimental cattle populations of Simmental breed of domestic breeding of PJSC “Red Veleten” Breeding Plant, Kharkiv region for the period from 1998 to 2018 was conducted. The studies were performed on the basis of the certification of animals according to 9 systems of blood groups (A, B, C, F, J, L, M, S, Z) with 48 monospecific reagents sera and created a data bank of data on blood types of cattle. Changes in the level of antigen saturation were detected (Аn = 0.2488 in 1998-2003, Аn = 0.2165 in 2014-2018), which indicates an overall tendency of decreasing frequencies of factors of blood groups. The EAB system of blood groups showed an increase in the value of the homozygosity coefficient from 2.12% to 2.89% and the degree of homozygosity (H) from 6.69% to 7.83% for the 20-year population study period. The data obtained is a reflection of the decrease in the overall reserve of genetic variability of the studied herd. When conducting genetic monitoring, as well as to control genetic diversity, the level of homo- and heterozygosity of cattle populations, it is recommended to use immunogenetic methods that allow the genetic level to control the genotypic situation and promptly adjust the breeding stratege.

References

1. Podoba, B. Ye., Biriukova, O. D., & Kukhtina, K. V. (2012). Imunohenetychna otsinka spetsyfiky porid u systemi henetychnoho monitorynhu bioriznomanittia [Immunogenetic assessment of breed specificity in the genetic monitoring system for biodiversity]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky – Bulletin of agrarian science, 12, 43–47 [in Ukranian].
2. Parasochka, I. F. (2014). Spetsyfika henofondu velykoi chornoi porody v porivnianni z alelofondom osnovnykh porid svynei Ukrainy [Specificity of gene pool of large black breed in comparison with allelophone of main breeds of pigs of Ukraine]. Naukovo–tekhnichnyi biuleten IT NAAN – The Scientific and Technical Bulletin of the Institute of Animal Science NAAS of Ukraine, 122. – Kharkiv, 114-118 [in Ukranian].
3. Burkat, V. P., Yefimenko, M. Ya., Podoba, B. Ye., & Dzitsiuk V. V. (2003). Naukovi i prykladni aspekty henetychnoho monitorynhu u tvarynnytstvi [Scientific and applied aspects of genetic monitoring in livestock]. Visnyk ahrarnoi nauky – Bulletin of agrarian science, 5, 32-40 [in Ukranian].
4. Zubets, M. V., Podoba, B. Ye., & Borodai, I. S. (2011). Henetychni markery v pleminnomu tvarynnytstvi Ukrainy: istorychnyi aspekt, metodychni zasady, perspektyvy [Genetic markers in breeding stock of Ukraine: historical aspect, methodological principles, perspectives]. Henomna selektsiia u tvarynnytstvi: stan ta perspektyvy rozvytku – Henomna selektsiia u tvarynnytstvi: stan ta perspektyvy rozvytku. Кyiv : Ahrarna nauka, 36-38 [in Ukranian].
5. Burkat, V. P., Huziev, I. V., Borodai, I. S., Kopylov, K. V., & Bodriashova, K. V. (2010). Rekomendatsii iz vykorystannia spadkovoho polimorfizmu v pleminnomu tvarynnytstvi Ukrainy. [Recommendations on the use of hereditary polymorphism in breeding stock of Ukraine]. Chubynske. [in Ukranian].
6. Aleinikov, V. P., Didyk, M. V., Podoba, B. Ye., Biriukova, O. D., & Kruhliak, A. P. (2015). Imunohenetychnyi monitorynh v pleminnomu skotarstvi Ukrainy [Immunogenetic monitoring in the breeding stock of Ukraine]. Rozvedennia i henetykatvaryn – Breedingandgeneticsofanimals. Кyiv, 49, 141–148 [inUkranian].
7. Podoba, B. Ye., Borodai, I. S., Ovcharuk, S. V., & Hopka, M. V. (2007). Imunohenetychnyi monitorynh u selektsiinykh protsesakh stvorennia ta vdoskonalennia porid silskohospodarskykh tvaryn [Immunogenetic monitoring in breeding processes for breeding and improving breeds of farm animals]. Rozvedennia i henetykatvaryn – Breeding and genetics of animals. Кyiv, 41, 171-180 [inUkranian].
8. Metlytska, O. I., Kopylov, K. V., & Berezovskyi, O. V. (2016). Suchasni molekuliarno-henetychni pidkhody dlia pidvyshchennia efektyvnosti selektsiinoho protsesu v tvarynnytstvi Ukrainy [Modern molecular genetic approaches to increase the efficiency of the breeding process in animal husbandry in Ukraine]. Rozvedennia i henetyka tvaryn – Breeding and genetics of animals. Кyiv, 51, 193-200 [in Ukranian].
9. Kopylov, K. V., & Zabludovskyi, Ye. Ye. (2008). Henetychnyi monitorynh pry zberezhenni pleminnykh resursiv tvaryn [Genetic monitoring while conserving animal breeding resources]. Rozvedennia i henetykatvaryn – Breeding and genetics of animals. Кyiv, 42, 119-125 [inUkranian].
10. Anisimova, E. I., & Katmakov, P. S. (2017). Rol’ semeystv i ikh sochetaemost’ s liniyami v sozdanii zhelatel’nykh tipov simmental’skogo skota. [The role of families and their combining ability with lines when creating desired types of Simmenthal cat]. Vestnik Ul‘yanovskoy gosudarstvennoy sel‘skokhozyaystvennoy akademii –Bulletin of the Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy, 2 (38), 97-102 [in Russian].