Assessing of kappa-casein polymorphism in ukrainian charolais cattle and its associations with productivity traits

DOI: 10.32900/2312-8402-2023-129-164-171

Rossokha V.,
PhD, sen. research,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-9349,
Boyko Yelena,
PhD, sen. research,
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3065-046,
Oliinychenko Y.,
PhD,
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-0683,
Institute of Animal Science of NAAS

Keywords: gene, kappa-casein, cattle, Charolais, polymorphism, meat productivity


Abstract

Much attention is paid to the study of kappa-casein gene polymorphism in dairy breeds of cattle. Moreover, there is a lack of research on kappa-casein polymorphism in cattle beef breeds. Knowing that different alleles of the kappa-casein gene have different effects on milk yield and milk protein content, it would be important to study the exact allele associations in Ukrainian Charolais cattle. In addition, it would be relevant to find out whether there is an effect of different alleles of the kappa-casein gene on growth parameters in offspring. In addition, the current study would be highly relevant due to no previous research of κ- Cn in Ukrainian Charolais cattle.
The polymorphism of the kappa-casein (κ-Cn) gene was studied in the population of Ukrainian Charolais cattle (n=29), “Privilla” agricultural company (Ukraine, Luhansk region) using the PCR-PDRF method. DNA was extracted from blood using the DNA Sorb isolation kit (AmplySens). Hind III restriction enzyme (FastDigest, Thermo Scientific) was used to see 2 allelic variants of κ-Cn polymorphism, which are A (273 bp) and B (182, 91 bp). The frequency of the A allele was 0.57±0.065 and 0.43±0.065 of the B allele. According to the genotyping results, allele frequency distribution in the population of 2021 did not reliably differ from the population of 2012. As a result, allele frequencies of the kappa-casein gene in 2012 for allele A was 0.61±0.054 and for B 0.39±0.054. This indicates the lack of selection pressure on population dynamics such as selective selection and gene drift over a period of 10 years.
The frequency of AA genotypes was equal to 0.31, of BB genotype to 0.17 and of AB to 0.52. It was found that the theoretically expected number of genotypes, calculated according to the Hardy-Weinberg principle, did not reliably differ from the actual number. It could be related to current alleles being within an equilibrium state.
In cattle with different genotypes of the κ-Cn gene, the values of the liveweight gain (kg) and the average daily gain (g) were calculated. In cattle with the BB genotype, there was an increase in the weight gain of their calves at weaning at 210 days (206.0±5.65 kg). In addition, the average daily gain of calves was 981.0±26.94 g, compared to genotypes AA (201.4±8.08 kg and 958.9±37.85 g, respectively) and AB – (196.8±2.45 kg and 936.9±11.73 g, respectively). Though, there were no significant differences between AA, BB and AB genotypes considering the studied parameters.

References

  1. Yukalo, V. G. (2021). Biolohichna aktyvnist proteiniv i peptydiv moloka: monohrafiia [Biological activity of milk proteins and peptides: monograph]. Ternopil: named after Ivan Puliui, 372 [in Ukrainian].
  2. Khaertdynov, R. A., Afanasev, M. P., & Khaertdynov, R. R. (2009). Belki moloka [Milk proteins]. Kazan, Ydel-Press, 256. [in Russian].
  3. Martin, P., Bianchi, L., Cebo, C., & Miranda, G. (2013). Genetic polymorphism of milk proteins: Quantitative variability and molecular diversity. Advanced dairy chemistry 387–429. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4714-6.
  4. Dolmatova, Y. Y., & Valytov, F. R. (2015). Ocenka geneticheskogo potenciala krupnogo rogatogo skota po markernym genam [Evaluation of genetic efficiency of cattle by markers]. Bulletin of the Bashkir University. 20(3).  850–852. [in Russian].
  5. Kostyunyna, O. V., Konovalova, E. N., Dolmatova, Y. Y., Rakyna, Y. A., & Gladіr E. A. (2013). Characteristics of the allele pool of Bashkir cattle populations according to CSN2 and CSN3 genes. Achievements of science and technology in the agricultural industry. Achievements of science and technology. 23. 64–67.
  6. Pavlova, N. I., & Filippova, N. P. (2015). Polimorfizm genov molochnyh belkov u korov holmogorskoj porody v uslovijah Respubliki Saha (Jakutija) [Polymorphism of milk protein genes in cows of the Kholmogory breed under the conditions of the Republic of Sakha]. The potential of modern science. Vol. 4(12). P. 66–70. [in Russian].
  7. Safina, N. Y., Yulmetyeva, Y. R., & Shakirov, S. K. (2018). Vlijanie kompleksa polimorfizma genov k-kazeina (CSN3) i prolaktina (PRL) na molochnuju produktivnost’ korov-pervotjolok golshtinskoj porody [Effect of the k-casein (CSN3) and prolactin (PRL) gene polymorphism complex on the milk productivity of first-calf Holstein cows]. Dairy Bulletin. 1(29). 74–82. [in Russian].
  8. Volkandari, S. D., Indriawati,  I., & Margawati, E. T. (2017). Genetic polymorphism of kappa-casein gene in Friesian Holstein: a basic selection of dairy cattle superiority. Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture. 42(4). 213–219. https://doi.org/10.14710/jitaa.42.4.213-219.
  9. Miluchová, M., Gábor, M., Candrák, J., Trakovická, A., & Candráková, K. (2018). Association of HindIII-polymorphism in kappa-casein gene with milk, fat and protein yield in Holstein cattle. Acta Biochimica Polomica. 65(3).  403–407.
  10. Podrechneva, Y. Y., Shhegolev, P. O., & Belokurov, S. G. (2020). Allel’nyj polimorfizm genov CSNZ i CSN2 u bykov-proizvoditelej molochnyh porod [Allelic polymorphism of the CSN3 and CSN2 genes in dairy bulls]. International research journal. 5(95). 109–113. https://doi.org/10.23670/IRJ.2020.95.5.019. [in Russian].
  11. Khaertdinov, R. A., Kamaldinov, I. N., & Islamov, R. R. (2014). Geneticheskaja struktura po belkam moloka, u mjasnyh porod skota, razvodimyh v uslovijah Respubliki Tatarstan [Genetic structure of milk proteins in beef cattle bred in the conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan]. Scientific notes of the Kazan. 219. 319–324. [in Russian].
  12. Trofymenko, O. L., Gil, M. I. (Ed.), & Smetana, O. Y. (2018). Genetika populjacіj: pіdruchnik [Genetics of populations: a textbook] Mykolaiv. Helvetica, 254 [in Ukrainian].
  13. Kopylov, K. V., Metlytska, O. I., Mokhnachova, N. B., & Suprovych, T. M. (2016). Molecular genetic monitoring in the system of conservation of genetic resources of animals. Herald of Agrarian Science. 94(6). 43–47. https://doi.org/10.31073/agrovisnyk201606-09.
  14. Rossoha, V.  I., Shkavro, N. N., & Drobyazko O. V. (2014). Growth hormone and kappa-casein gene polymorphism study of the Charolais Cattle Breed. Competitiveness and quality of livestock products: materials of the XXI International Scientific and Practical Conference in Zhodino, RUE “Scientific and Practical Center of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus for Animal Husbandry”. 16. 146–153.
  15. Lakin, G. F. (1990). Biometrija [Biometry]. Moskow: High education, 352. [in Russian].
  16. Ozdemir, M., Kopuzlu, S., Topal, M., & Bilgin, O. C. (2018). Relationships between milk protein polymorphisms and production traits in cattle: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Animal Breeding. 61. 197–206. https://doi.org/10.5194/aab-61-197-(2018).
  17. Neamt, R. I., Saplacan, G., Acatincai  S., Cziszter  L. T., Gavojdian  D., & Ilie, D. E. (2016). The influence of CSN3 and LGB polymorphisms on milk production and chemical composition in Romanian Simmental cattle. Acta Biochimica Polonica. 64(3). 493–497. https://doi.org/10.18388/abp.(2016)_1454.